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import { PNG } from "pngjs";
import uniqBy from "lodash/uniqBy";
import RgbQuant from "rgbquant";
import { decHex } from "shared/lib/helpers/8bit";
import { chunk } from "shared/lib/helpers/array";
const SNES_SCREEN_WIDTH = 256;
const SNES_SCREEN_HEIGHT = 224;
const SNES_TILE_WIDTH = 32;
const SNES_TILE_HEIGHT = 28;
const TILE_SIZE = 8;
const N_SGB_PALETTES = 4;
const SGB_PALETTE_SIZE = 16;
const USE_SGB_PAL = 0x10;
const FLIP_X = 0x40;
const FLIP_Y = 0x80;
const BLANK_TILE: number[] = Array.from(Array(TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE)).fill(0);
const TRANSPARENT_TILE: number[] = Array.from(
Array(TILE_SIZE * TILE_SIZE)
).fill(-1);
const toIndex = (x: number, y: number): number =>
(x + y * SNES_SCREEN_WIDTH) * 4;
const toTileIndex = (x: number, y: number): number => x + y * TILE_SIZE;
const rgbTo15BitColor = (r: number, g: number, b: number) => {
const c = (r << 16) + (g << 8) + b;
const r2 = (c & 0xf80000) >> 19;
const g2 = (c & 0x00f800) >> 6;
const b2 = (c & 0x0000f8) << 7;
return b2 | g2 | r2;
};
const color15BitToRGB = (color: number): [number, number, number] => {
const r = (color % 32) * 8;
const g = ((color / 32) % 32) * 8;
const b = ((color / 1024) % 32) * 8;
return [r, g, b];
};
function rgb2lab(rgb: [number, number, number]): [number, number, number] {
let r = rgb[0] / 255;
let g = rgb[1] / 255;
let b = rgb[2] / 255;
let x;
let y;
let z;
r = r > 0.04045 ? Math.pow((r + 0.055) / 1.055, 2.4) : r / 12.92;
g = g > 0.04045 ? Math.pow((g + 0.055) / 1.055, 2.4) : g / 12.92;
b = b > 0.04045 ? Math.pow((b + 0.055) / 1.055, 2.4) : b / 12.92;
x = (r * 0.4124 + g * 0.3576 + b * 0.1805) / 0.95047;
y = (r * 0.2126 + g * 0.7152 + b * 0.0722) / 1.0;
z = (r * 0.0193 + g * 0.1192 + b * 0.9505) / 1.08883;
x = x > 0.008856 ? Math.pow(x, 1 / 3) : 7.787 * x + 16 / 116;
y = y > 0.008856 ? Math.pow(y, 1 / 3) : 7.787 * y + 16 / 116;
z = z > 0.008856 ? Math.pow(z, 1 / 3) : 7.787 * z + 16 / 116;
return [116 * y - 16, 500 * (x - y), 200 * (y - z)];
}
function deltaE(
rgbA: [number, number, number],
rgbB: [number, number, number]
) {
const labA = rgb2lab(rgbA);
const labB = rgb2lab(rgbB);
const deltaL = labA[0] - labB[0];
const deltaA = labA[1] - labB[1];
const deltaB = labA[2] - labB[2];
const c1 = Math.sqrt(labA[1] * labA[1] + labA[2] * labA[2]);
const c2 = Math.sqrt(labB[1] * labB[1] + labB[2] * labB[2]);
const deltaC = c1 - c2;
let deltaH = deltaA * deltaA + deltaB * deltaB - deltaC * deltaC;
deltaH = deltaH < 0 ? 0 : Math.sqrt(deltaH);
const sc = 1.0 + 0.045 * c1;
const sh = 1.0 + 0.015 * c1;
const deltaLKlsl = deltaL / 1.0;
const deltaCkcsc = deltaC / sc;
const deltaHkhsh = deltaH / sh;
const i =
deltaLKlsl * deltaLKlsl + deltaCkcsc * deltaCkcsc + deltaHkhsh * deltaHkhsh;
return i < 0 ? 0 : Math.sqrt(i);
}
const distance15Bit = (colorA: number, colorB: number) => {
return deltaE(
rgb2lab(color15BitToRGB(colorA)),
rgb2lab(color15BitToRGB(colorB))
);
};
const bin2 = (value: number) => {
return value.toString(2).padStart(4, "0");
};
const flipTileX = (inData: number[]) => {
const data = [];
for (let y = 0; y < TILE_SIZE; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < TILE_SIZE; x++) {
const i = toTileIndex(TILE_SIZE - x - 1, y);
data.push(inData[i]);
}
}
return data;
};
const flipTileY = (inData: number[]) => {
const data = [];
for (let y = 0; y < TILE_SIZE; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < TILE_SIZE; x++) {
const i = toTileIndex(x, TILE_SIZE - y - 1);
data.push(inData[i]);
}
}
return data;
};
const isTileEqual = (dataA: number[], dataB: number[]) => {
for (let i = 0; i < dataA.length; i++) {
Iif (dataA[i] !== dataB[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
};
const closestPalette = (colors: number[], palettes: number[][]) => {
const matches = palettes.map((palette) => {
let numMatches = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
Iif (palette.indexOf(colors[i]) > -1) {
numMatches++;
}
}
return numMatches;
});
const maxMatch = Math.max.apply(null, matches);
const closestIndex = matches.findIndex((match) => match === maxMatch);
return closestIndex;
};
const toPaletteColorIndex = (color: number, palette: number[]) => {
Iif (color === -1) {
return 0;
}
const index = palette.indexOf(color);
Iif (index > -1) {
return index;
}
const distances = palette.map((pColor, pIndex) =>
pIndex > 1 ? distance15Bit(color, pColor) : Infinity
);
const minDistance = Math.min.apply(null, distances);
const closestIndex = distances.findIndex(
(distance) => distance === minDistance
);
return closestIndex;
};
const toTileData = (tile: number[], palettes: number[][]) => {
const paletteIndex = closestPalette(tile, palettes);
const palette = palettes[paletteIndex];
const data = tile.map((color) => toPaletteColorIndex(color, palette));
return {
data,
paletteIndex,
};
};
const pixelsToSGBData = (pixels: Uint8Array, width: number, height: number) => {
Iif (width !== SNES_SCREEN_WIDTH) {
throw new Error(`SGB Image width must be ${SNES_SCREEN_WIDTH}px`);
}
Iif (height !== SNES_SCREEN_HEIGHT) {
throw new Error(`SGB Image height must be ${SNES_SCREEN_HEIGHT}px`);
}
const tilePalettes = [];
const tiles = [];
const parseTile = (tx: number, ty: number) => {
const colors = [];
const tile = [];
for (let y = 0; y < TILE_SIZE; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < TILE_SIZE; x++) {
const i = toIndex(x + tx * TILE_SIZE, y + ty * TILE_SIZE);
const r = pixels[i];
const g = pixels[i + 1];
const b = pixels[i + 2];
const c = rgbTo15BitColor(r, g, b);
let cIndex = colors.indexOf(c);
Iif (cIndex === -1) {
cIndex = colors.length;
colors.push(c);
}
tile.push(c);
}
}
return [tile, colors];
};
const createEmptyTile = () => {
const colors = [-1];
return [TRANSPARENT_TILE, colors];
};
// Split image into tiles and palettes
for (let ty = 0; ty < SNES_TILE_HEIGHT; ty++) {
for (let tx = 0; tx < SNES_TILE_WIDTH; tx++) {
if (tx > 5 && tx < 26 && ty > 4 && ty < 23) {
const [tile, colors] = createEmptyTile();
tiles.push(tile);
tilePalettes.push(colors);
} else {
const [tile, colors] = parseTile(tx, ty);
tiles.push(tile);
tilePalettes.push(colors);
}
}
}
const toPalettes = (tilePalettes: number[][]) => {
const palettes = [[-1], [-1], [-1], [-1]];
let writePalette = 0;
for (const tilePalette of tilePalettes) {
let maxMatches = 0;
for (let p = 0; p < N_SGB_PALETTES; p++) {
let numMatches = 0;
for (let c = 0; c < tilePalette.length; c++) {
const color = tilePalette[c];
Iif (palettes[p].indexOf(color) > -1) {
numMatches++;
}
}
Iif (numMatches > maxMatches) {
maxMatches = numMatches;
writePalette = p;
}
}
// If can write to write palette
const writesNeeded = tilePalette.length - maxMatches;
if (palettes[writePalette].length + writesNeeded <= SGB_PALETTE_SIZE) {
for (let c = 0; c < tilePalette.length; c++) {
const color = tilePalette[c];
Iif (palettes[writePalette].indexOf(color) === -1) {
palettes[writePalette].push(color);
}
}
} else {
writePalette = 0;
let minSize = Infinity;
// Find smallest empty palette
for (let p = 0; p < N_SGB_PALETTES; p++) {
Iif (palettes[p].length < minSize) {
writePalette = p;
minSize = palettes[p].length;
}
}
for (let c = 0; c < tilePalette.length; c++) {
const color = tilePalette[c];
Iif (palettes[writePalette].indexOf(color) === -1) {
palettes[writePalette].push(color);
}
}
}
}
return palettes.map((palette) => palette.slice(0, SGB_PALETTE_SIZE));
};
// Combine palettes
const uniquePalettes = uniqBy(tilePalettes, (palette) => palette.join(","));
const palettes = toPalettes(uniquePalettes);
const uniqueTiles: number[][] = [BLANK_TILE];
const tileIndexes = [];
const tileAttrs = [];
// Build unique tiles + map & attrs
for (let t = 0; t < tiles.length; t++) {
const tile = tiles[t];
const { data, paletteIndex } = toTileData(tile, palettes);
const tileAttr = USE_SGB_PAL + ((paletteIndex & 0x3) << 2);
let match = false;
for (let i = 0; i < uniqueTiles.length; i++) {
const existingTile = uniqueTiles[i];
const dataFX = flipTileX(data);
const dataFY = flipTileY(data);
const dataFXY = flipTileY(dataFX);
if (isTileEqual(existingTile, data)) {
tileIndexes.push(i);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr);
match = true;
break;
} else if (isTileEqual(existingTile, dataFX)) {
tileIndexes.push(i);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr + FLIP_X);
match = true;
break;
} else if (isTileEqual(existingTile, dataFY)) {
tileIndexes.push(i);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr + FLIP_Y);
match = true;
break;
} else Iif (isTileEqual(existingTile, dataFXY)) {
tileIndexes.push(i);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr + FLIP_X + FLIP_Y);
match = true;
break;
}
}
Iif (!match) {
if (uniqueTiles.length < 255) {
tileIndexes.push(uniqueTiles.length);
uniqueTiles.push(data);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr);
} else {
// No space left, find closest match
let closestMatch = 0;
let closestTile = 1;
for (let i = 0; i < uniqueTiles.length; i++) {
let numMatches = 0;
for (let p = 0; p < uniqueTiles[i].length; p++) {
Iif (uniqueTiles[i][p] === data[p]) {
numMatches++;
}
}
Iif (numMatches > closestMatch) {
closestTile = i;
closestMatch = numMatches;
}
}
tileIndexes.push(closestTile);
tileAttrs.push(tileAttr);
}
}
}
const map: number[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < tileIndexes.length; i++) {
map.push(tileIndexes[i]);
map.push(tileAttrs[i]);
}
const palettesData: number[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < N_SGB_PALETTES; i++) {
Iif (palettes[i].length > 0) {
for (let c = 0; c < SGB_PALETTE_SIZE; c++) {
const color = Math.max(0, palettes[i][c] || 0);
palettesData.push(color & 0xff);
palettesData.push(color >> 8);
}
}
}
return {
tiles: uniqueTiles,
map,
palettes: palettesData,
};
};
const tileTo4BPP = (tileData: number[]) => {
const tile = [];
for (let y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
let row1 = "";
let row2 = "";
for (let x = 0; x < 8; x++) {
const i = y * 8 + x;
const col = tileData[i];
const binary = bin2(col);
row1 += binary[3];
row2 += binary[2];
}
tile.push(parseInt(row1, 2));
tile.push(parseInt(row2, 2));
}
for (let y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
let row1 = "";
let row2 = "";
for (let x = 0; x < 8; x++) {
const i = y * 8 + x;
const col = tileData[i];
const binary = bin2(col);
row1 += binary[1];
row2 += binary[0];
}
tile.push(parseInt(row1, 2));
tile.push(parseInt(row2, 2));
}
return tile;
};
const toSGBCData = (tiles: number[][], map: number[], palettes: number[]) => {
return `#pragma bank 255
#include "gbs_types.h"
BANKREF(SGB_border_chr)
BANKREF(SGB_border_map)
BANKREF(SGB_border_pal)
const unsigned char SGB_border_chr[]={
${tiles
.map(tileTo4BPP)
.map((tile) => ` ${tile.map(decHex)}`)
.join(",\n")}
};
const unsigned char SGB_border_map[]={
${chunk(map.map(decHex), 16)
.map((row) => ` ${row.join(",")}`)
.join(",\n")}
};
const unsigned char SGB_border_pal[]={
${palettes.map(decHex)}
};
SIZEREF(SGB_border_chr)
SIZEREF(SGB_border_map)
SIZEREF(SGB_border_pal)
`;
};
const compileSGBImage = async (filename: string) => {
const fileData = await readFile(filename);
return new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
new PNG().parse(fileData, (err, data) => {
Iif (err) {
return reject(err);
}
const width = data.width;
const height = data.height;
const pixels = data.data;
// Quanitize image down to 60 colors maximum
const q = new RgbQuant({
colors: 60,
dithDelta: 0.03,
dithKern: "FloydSteinberg",
dithSerp: true,
});
q.sample(pixels);
const out = q.reduce(pixels);
const sgb = pixelsToSGBData(out, width, height);
return resolve(toSGBCData(sgb.tiles, sgb.map, sgb.palettes));
});
});
};
export default compileSGBImage;
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